General Principle of Surveying :-
- To work from the whole to the part.
- Can locate a new station from fixed reference points, by at least two measurements.
Surveying Operation :-
- Construction Survey.
- Route Survey.
- Control Survey.
Construction Survey :-
Lay out,Locate and monitor construction work.
Route Survey :-
Highway, rail road, canals,transmission lines,pipe lines etc.
Control Survey:-
Establish control point for horizontal and vertical control of surveying.
Method of linear measurement :-
- By passing or stepping.
- By passometer.
- By speedometer.
- By perambulator.
- By chaining.
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